Frequency Distribution Of ABO And Rh Blood Group Among The Student Population Of GPGC Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Abstract

Currently 36 blood groups in addition to ABO and Rh blood group systems have been recognized. There are a total of 38 human blood group systems. ABO and Rh are the two most significant blood group system. Objective of this study is to determine the frequency distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups among student population of GPGC Mardan, Kpk Pakistan. And look into the possibility of a link between blood types and certain diseases and physiological characteristics A sample size of 220 participants with both genders (143 males and 77 females) were chosen at random from the students of GPGC Mardan. The finger prick method was used to obtain blood samples, which includes extracting a very tiny quantity of blood from the tip of a finger. A drop of blood from each participant was put on three separate clean slides for the ABO and Rh tests. A drop of each antisera, anti A, anti B, and anti D obtained from the Hi-tech Medical Laboratory, shewa adda, swabi, was introduced to and stirred with each blood sample with the help of glass rods and left gently up to 60 secs to observe agglutination. Blood group were identified on the basis of agglutination. Total 220 samples were analyzed in which 65% was males and 35% was females. In our population the most prominent blood group was blood group B with percentage frequency of 41% consists of 31.36% Rh positive and 10%  Rh negative. The percentage frequency of blood group A in our population was 31.36% consist of 23.36% Rh positive and 7.72% Rh negative. Followed by blood group O with percentage frequency of 17.72% consist of 11.36% Rh positive and 6.36% Rh negative. Followed by the most least occurring blood group AB with percentage frequency of 9.54% consist of 7.27% Rh positive and 2.27% Rh negative. Out of 220 sample 73.63% was Rh positive and 26.36% was Rh negative. With respect to age the students age ranges from 16-20 (years) were 65.45% and age ranges from 21-25 (years) were 34.54%, Similarly group age 16-20 were 68.36% Rh positive and group age 21-25 were 31-36% Rh negative. Blood group B was the most prominent blood group while blood group AB was the least existing blood group. Similarly Rh positive was more prominent than Rh negative. Finally it is concluded that among the students population of GPGC mardan the most frequently occurring blood group was blood group B and the most least occurring blood group was AB. Rh positivity was more than Rh negativity.